[118] A relationship with Applewhite was said to be the only way to salvation;[119] he encouraged his followers to see him as Christ. In 1985, Nettles died, leaving Applewhite distraught and challenging his views on physical ascension. Referring to their house as a "craft", they regimented the lives of their disciples down to the minute. [22] Robert Balch and David Taylor, sociologists who studied Applewhite's group, speculate that this departure was prompted by another affair between Applewhite and a student. All rights reserved (About Us). The crimes landed Applewhite in prison for six months, but while incarcerated, his ideas only evolved. This event, which they referred to as "the Demonstration", was to prove their claims. [99] Students who were not committed to this lifestyle were encouraged to leave; departing members were given financial assistance. [168], In October 1996, the group rented a mansion in Rancho Santa Fe, California. [93][94] Applewhite also sought to prevent close friendships among his followers, fearing that this could lead to insubordination. [38] They also launched a venture known as Know Place to teach classes on theosophy and mysticism. [184] Medical examiners determined that his fears of cancer had been unfounded, but that he suffered from coronary atherosclerosis. Mobile Homes For Rent In Goodlettsville, Tn, cyberhellravedungeonfunruncore (feat. [132] This dualism may have been the product of the Christology that Applewhite learned as a young man;[133] Lewis writes that the group's teachings had "Christian elements [that] were basically grafted on to a New Age matrix". J. Scott Applewhite - staff, AP Chairman Mike Gallagher, R-Wis., center, leads a special House committee dedicated to countering China holds a hearing at the Capitol in Washington, Tuesday, Feb . He served as head coach at the University of Houston from 2016 to 2018, where he previously served as the offensive coordinator and quarterbacks coach. According to the docuseries, members of the group laid down their vehicles in three shifts on March 23, with each shift cleaning up after the preceding one. [27] While jailed, he pondered theology and subsequently abandoned discussion of occult topics in favor of extraterrestrials and evolution. [100] Applewhite organized seemingly arbitrary rituals that were intended to instill a sense of discipline in his followers; he referred to these tasks as "games". Is Marshall Applewhite still alive or dead? American religious leader who founded what became known as the Heaven's Gate religious group and organized their mass suicide in 1997, Born on May 17, 1931 Do became even more obsessed with control after (Nettles) passed on, Lyford, a former cult member, says in the docuseries. [7] He earned a bachelor's degree in philosophy in 1952 and subsequently enrolled at Union Presbyterian Seminary to study theology, hoping to become a minister. Marshall Herff Applewhite Jr. (17 Mei 1931 - 22 Maret 1997; dikenal juga dengan nama Bo atau Do di antara nama-namanya yang lain) adalah seorang pemimpin sekte yang didirikannya di Amerika yang kemudian dikenal sebagai kelompok sekte Heaven's Gate serta pengorganisir bunuh diri massal pengikut sekte tersebut pada tahun 1997. Marshall Herff Applewhite Jr., better known as Do, was a religious figure in the United States who lived from May 17, 1931, to March 26, 1997. They published advertisements for meetings, where they recruited disciples, whom they called "crew". [83] Applewhite and Nettles later explained to their followers that the former's treatment by the press was a form of assassination and had fulfilled their prophecy. Applewhite was the first OC and QB coach at Alabama under Saban in 2007. [111][112] His attempt to explain her death in the terms of the group's doctrine was successful, preventing the departure of all but one member. [14][31] By that time, he had begun to investigate alternatives to traditional Christian doctrine, including astrology. The map below shows the places where the ancestors of the famous person lived. In Division I-A schools at the time, Major Applewhite was the youngest offensive coordinator. He came to a conclusion about his body, that it was abhorrent., Do held a meeting and he said that he had a nocturnal emission, and he was investigating having himself castrated, Sawyer says in the docuseries. [116][117], Applewhite began to emphasize a strict hierarchy, teaching that his students needed his guidance, as he needed the guidance of the Next Level. [163] The winter was very cold, and they abandoned the plan. [13] They wrote a pamphlet that described Jesus' reincarnation as a Texan, a thinly-veiled reference to Applewhite. These vacations were intended to placate families by demonstrating that the disciples remained with the group of their own accord. [21] He resigned from the University of St. Thomas in 1970, citing depression and other emotional problems. [62], By 1975, Applewhite and Nettles had taken the names "Bo" and "Peep". harlingen, tx distance to mexican border . However, Applewhite became very depressed. [125] In a profile of the group for Newsweek, Kenneth Woodward compares his dualism to that of ancient Christian Gnosticism, although Peters notes that his theology departs from Gnosticism by privileging the physical world. [144] This theme emerged in 1988, possibly in response to the lurid alien abduction stories that were proliferating at the time. [118] Applewhite maintained some aspects of their scientific teachings, but in the 1980s the group became more like a religion in its focus on faith and submission to authority. Marshall Applewhite. By the mid-1990s, cult membership had dwindled and efforts to recruit others -- via a website, radio interviews and other methods -- were finding little success. [11] He was a baritone singer and enjoyed spirituals and the music of Handel. [113], In the late 1980s, the group kept a low profile; few people knew it still existed. (AL.com file photo). [78] He, Nettles, and their followers lived what religious scholar James Lewis describes as a "quasi-nomadic lifestyle". [167][e] In addition, he required members to adopt similar clothing and haircuts, possibly to reinforce that they were a nonsexual family. [136] He feared a government raid on their home and spoke highly of the Jewish defenders of Masada in ancient Israel who showed total resistance to the Roman Empire. [18] His students regarded him as an engaging speaker and a stylish dresser. is major applewhite related to marshall applewhite. [9] [10] Early in his seminary studies, Applewhite decided to leave the school to pursue a career in music, becoming the music director of a Presbyterian church in North Carolina. In his first season at Alabama, Applewhite improved the Crimson Tide offense, which had averaged 22.3 points and 340.9 total yards per game under Dave Rader in 2006, to an average of 26.8 points and 372.6 total yards per game in 2007. She convinced him that he was her soulmate. [134], In the wake of Nettles' death, Applewhite became increasingly paranoid, fearing a conspiracy against his group. The school said that Applewhite's appointment is effective immediately . [128] Zeller notes that his beliefs were based on the Christian Bible, but were interpreted through the lens of belief in alien contact with humanity. [193] Richard Hecht of the University of California, Santa Barbara, echoes this sentiment, arguing that members of the group killed themselves because they believed the narrative that he had constructed, rather than because he psychologically controlled them. is major applewhite related to marshall applewhite. [143] In addition, he stated that evil extraterrestrials, whom he referred to as "Luciferians", sought to thwart his mission. [4] The son of a Presbyterian minister, Applewhite became very religious as a child. Applewhite and Nettles gave cult members new names, all of which ended in ODY.. On January 16, 2008, Applewhite accepted an offer to become running backs coach at the University of Texas and he also served as assistant head coach to Mack Brown. [5], Applewhite attended Corpus Christi High School and Austin College;[6] at the latter school, he was active in several student organizations and was moderately religious. [53] Nettles and Applewhite referred to themselves as "Guinea" and "Pig". [95] He and Nettles insisted that their followers practice what they referred to as "flexibility" - strict obedience to their often shifting requests. Evan Williams Marshall Applewhite Diagnosis Marshall Applewhite was the infamous leader of the Heaven's Gate cult from [32], Applewhite soon began to live with Nettles. [165][166] He also cited a verse in the New Testament that said there would not be marriage in heaven. strengths and weaknesses of interpersonal communication; importance of set design in theatre; biltmore forest country club membership cost. [187], Although many popular commentators, including psychologist Margaret Singer,[188] speculate that Applewhite brainwashed his followers, many academics have rejected the "brainwashing" label as an oversimplification that does not express the nuances of the process by which the followers were influenced. Applewhite and several other members of the cult were castrated. [62], By 1975, Applewhite and Nettles had taken the names "Bo" and "Peep". They operated a bookstore and teaching center for a short while and then began to travel around the U.S. in 1973 to spread their views. This idea has failed to gain support among academics. In 1972, Applewhite developed a close friendship with Bonnie Nettles, a nurse; together, they discussed mysticism at length and concluded that they were called as divine messengers. [157] That year, he first spoke of the possibility of suicide as a way to reach the Next Level. By Steven Godfrey Updated Dec 30, 2018, 1:24pm EST A self-proclaimed prophet and messiah, he died in the group's mass suicide of 1997. January 19, 2023 . Tap To Call Us. [76] Applewhite believed that complete separation from earthly desires was a prerequisite of ascension to the Next Level and emphasized passages in the New Testament in which Jesus spoke about forsaking worldly attachments. [170] He told his followers that the vessel would transport them to an empyrean destination, and that a government conspiracy was attempting to suppress word of the craft. American football coach and former player Major Lee Applewhite's wife's name is Julie. [99] Lifton states that Applewhite wanted "quality over quantity" in his followers, although he occasionally spoke about gaining many converts. Led by two native Texans, Marshall Applewhite and Bonnie Nettles, their group was comprised of very devout believers of some strange beliefs, which took some aspects of Christianity and married them to themes from sci-fi movies, namely belief in aliens, UFOs, and an ability to transcend their life on Earth by evolving . The blond paint balanced the walnut . [149][150] This series echoed many of the teachings of the 1988 update, although it introduced a "universal mind" of which its hearers could partake. [153], Lewis argues that Applewhite effectively controlled his followers by packaging his teachings in familiar terms. Joined Aug 22, 2017 Messages 1,762 . [34] Furthermore, they concluded that they were the two witnesses described in the Book of Revelation and occasionally visited churches or other spiritual groups to speak of their identities,[50] often referring to themselves as "The Two", or "The UFO Two". [112], In 1983, Nettles had an eye surgically removed as a result of cancer diagnosed several years earlier. But most of the men were not interested in having the surgery done., This message on the Heaven's Gate website announces that members of the cult will soon be leaving for another dimension, as triggered by the appearance of the Hale-Bopp comet. Houston's success starts on offense, where it ranked 15th in passing and 21st in scoring . The university froze Applewhite's salary from Feb. 5, 2009 -- almost immediately upon learning of the behavior and discussing it with Applewhite -- until Jan. 1, 2010. [35] Raine writes that Nettles "was responsible for reinforcing his emerging delusional beliefs",[36] but psychiatrist Robert Jay Lifton speculates that Nettles' influence helped him avoid further psychological deterioration. [7] He saw Nettles as his soulmate, and some of his acquaintances later recalled that she had a strong influence on him. [157], From June to October 1995, the group lived in a rural part of New Mexico. In 1975, Applewhite was arrested for failing to return a rental car and was jailed for six months. The group needed a sign from above, however, and found it in comet Hale-Bopp, which appeared in the sky in 1996 and burned brightly overhead in early 1997. Posted in . They then spent $30,000 to publish a full-page advertisement in USA Today that warned of catastrophic judgment to befall the Earth. His date of death has been declared as the same day his body was found, March 26. [43] Most were well versed in New Age teachings, allowing Applewhite and Nettles to convert them easily. [113] In 1988, they mailed a document that detailed their beliefs to a variety of New Age organizations. He was a self-proclaimed prophet, drawing rhetoric from science fiction and scripture. David Dayan Fisher, [122] In his view, the Biblical heaven was actually a planet on which highly evolved beings dwelt, and physical bodies were required to ascend there. Eventually, there were, depending on which source you look to, between seven and nine men within the group that had been castrated, author Zeller says in the docuseries. [19] He also became a locally popular singer, serving as the choral director of an Episcopal church and performing with the Houston Grand Opera. [194], Urban writes that Applewhite's life displays "the intense ambivalence and alienation shared by many individuals lost in late 20th-century capitalist society". 6. Articles. Major Applewhite was the offensive coordinator and quarterbacks coach at the University of Houston before to taking the helm as head coach there in 2017. [84] Applewhite took a 4 yr. ago. "[10] At Rice, Applewhite moved the team away from the wishbone offense and moved them to a more modern, one-running-back formation[11] similar to that used by Texas. jonathan jones obituary; Get to know us . [100] Applewhite organized seemingly arbitrary rituals that were intended to instill a sense of discipline in his followers; he referred to these tasks as "games". 1st Floor, 27 K Sir Syed Rd Block K - Gulberg 2 Lahore 54000. is major applewhite related to marshall applewhite. [27] While jailed, he pondered theology and subsequently abandoned discussion of occult topics in favor of extraterrestrials and evolution. This beautiful foyer was designed to be warm and inviting. [188] In his 2000 study of apocalyptic movements, John R. Hall posits that they were motivated to commit suicide because they saw it as a way to demonstrate that they had conquered the fear of death and truly believed Applewhite. [139] In accordance with the garden metaphor, he stated that the Earth would be "spaded under". They visited her in May 1974, and she became their first convert. Applewhite attended Corpus Christi High School and Austin College; at the latter school, he was active in several student organizations and was moderately religious. document.getElementById("ak_js_1").setAttribute("value",(new Date()).getTime()). Deceased 26 March 1997 - San Diego, San Diego Co., CA,aged 65 years old. After stints at Texas and Houston in the next 11 seasons, Applewhite returned to Alabama in 2019-2020 as an analyst. Reynolds Funeral Home Obituaries Waynesboro, Va, [176] Lewis speculates that Applewhite settled on suicide because he had said that the group would ascend during his lifetime, so appointing a successor was unfeasible. For those of you who don't know, Marshall Applewhite was a cult leader that orchestrated a mass suicide. [146][147] With the exception of the 1988 document, Applewhite's group remained inconspicuous until 1992,[148] when they recorded a 12-part video series which was broadcast via satellite. Some commentators attributed his followers' willingness to commit suicide to his skill as a manipulator, while others argued that their willingness was due to their faith in the narrative that he constructed. [101] In his 2000 study of the group, Winston Davis states that Applewhite mastered the "fine art of religious entertainment", noting that many of his disciples seemed to enjoy their service. His near miracle comeback, combined with Simms' injury, earned him the starting position for his final game at Texas, the 2001 Holiday Bowl and he didn't disappoint. [83] Applewhite and Nettles later explained to their followers that the former's treatment by the press was a form of assassination and had fulfilled their prophecy. [44][111] That year, they recorded two video messages in which they offered their viewers a "last chance to evacuate Earth". This tape presents Do (Marshall Applewhite) in his final effort to relate to humans. [151][152], Over the course of the group's existence, several hundred people joined and left. [175] Applewhite recorded a video shortly before his death, in which he termed the suicides the "final exit" of the group and remarked, "We do in all honesty hate this world". [105] Applewhite and Nettles had about 40followers then and lived in two or three houses; the leaders usually had their own house. [26] His debts mounted, forcing him to borrow money from friends. Texas went 21 with Simms as quarterback, and Mack Brown was impressed enough to name Simms the starter before spring practice began. Marshall Applewhite was born on May 17, 1931 in United States (65 years old). Applewhite went 15-11 in two-plus seasons at the helm, succeeding Tom Herman, who was 22-4 at Houston before taking the head coaching job at Texas. [2] He then taught at the University of Alabama (UA). In late 1996, rumors of images that showed a mysterious object following the comet spread on the internet. what does izanagi do to accidentally bring death into the world? In the early 1990s, the group took more steps to publicize their theology. [105] He argued that many prominent moral teachers and advocates of political correctness were actually Luciferians. [39] They concluded that they had been chosen to fulfill biblical prophecies, and that they had been given higher-level minds than other people. In 1996, they learned of the approach of Comet HaleBopp and rumors of an accompanying spaceship, concluding that this was the vessel that would take their spirits on board for a journey to another planet. in Spur, Texas, USA , United States, Died on March 26, 1997 Cult", "Cult Leader's Son Apologizes to Families Who Lost Loved Ones", INFORM (Information Network Focus on Religious Movements), Academic study of new religious movements, Religious discrimination against Neopagans, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Marshall_Applewhite&oldid=1128076623, American members of the clergy convicted of crimes, Converts to new religious movements from Christianity, People extradited within the United States, Short description is different from Wikidata, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Use shortened footnotes from November 2022, Pages using infobox person with multiple parents, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 18 December 2022, at 07:12. [54], From 1976 to 1979, the group lived in campgrounds, usually in the Rocky Mountains or Texas. [37] By June 1974, Applewhite and Nettles' beliefs had solidified into a basic outline. [37] Christopher Partridge of Lancaster University states that Applewhite and Nettles were similar to John Reeve and Lodowicke Muggleton, who founded Muggletonianism, a millennialist movement in 17th century England. [39][40] The pair closed these businesses a short time later. Vancouver, Bc Apartments For Rent Under $1000, [43][44] At a meeting in Oregon in September 1975, they had further recruitment successabout 30 people left their homes to follow the pair, prompting interest from media outlets. With 1:49 left in the game, Applewhite engineered a 7-play, 80-yard touchdown drive with passes of 25 and 37 yards to win the game. In practice, this made their followers completely dependent upon them. [27], In 1972, Applewhite met Bonnie Nettles, a nurse with an interest in theosophy and Biblical prophecy. Applewhite looms large, of course, and although viewers arent likely to sympathize with him, theyll certainly know more about his ideas and motivations when the final credits roll. As founder of the California-based Heaven's Gate cult, Marshall Applewhite and 38 of his followers died by suicide in March 1997 to ascend to an Earth-saving spaceship. [136][156], In the early 1990s, Applewhite posted some of his teachings on the Internet, but he was stung by the resulting criticism. [12], In 1954, Applewhite was drafted by the United States Army and served in Austria and New Mexico as a member of the Army Signal Corps. [16] When Applewhite revealed to his parents that he was homosexual, his father rejected him. RELATED: College Football . [52], After Applewhite's release, Nettles and he resolved to contact extraterrestrials and began seeking like-minded followers. [27][44] He was extradited to St.Louis and jailed for six months. [163], The deaths provoked a media circus,[185] and Applewhite's face was featured on the covers of Time and Newsweek on April7. [27], In August 1974, Applewhite was arrested in Harlingen, Texas, for failing to return a car that he had rented in Missouri. Prior to Texas, Applewhite served as offensive coordinator at Rice University under Todd Graham in 2006 and at Alabama under Nick Saban in 2007. [25] Applewhite's father died around that time; the loss took a significant emotional toll on him, causing severe depression. [32], Applewhite soon began to live with Nettles. It is the largest mass suicide to occur inside the U.S. [1] [99] To his followers, he did not seem dictatorial:[100] many of them found him laid back and fatherly. [160] Davis speculates that this rejection may have encouraged him to attempt to leave Earth. [7] He left the military in 1956 and enrolled at the University of Colorado, where he earned a master's degree in music[11] and focused on musical theater. Initially, Applewhite and Nettles preached that followers would undergo a biological transformation and become perfect alien beings. [91] They typically communicated with their disciples in writing or through assistants. The university froze Applewhite's salary from Feb. 5, 2009 -- almost immediately upon learning of the behavior and discussing it with Applewhite -- until Jan. 1, 2010. [44][52] At the time, Applewhite maintained that he had been "divinely authorized" to keep the car. [192] Most of the dead had been members for about 20years,[181] although there were a few recent converts. [111] They initially had difficulty finding a willing surgeon, but eventually found one in Mexico. [108] Members became desperate for Applewhite's approval, which he used to control them. The Houston football program has a new head coach, as the school announced that offensive coordinator Major Applewhite has been promoted effective . They believed they would abandon their human containers and their souls would be transported via comet Hale-Bopp, soaring through space to a better and more enlightened place. [47][48] They kept a King James Version of the Bible with them and studied several passages from the New Testament, focusing on teachings about Christology, asceticism, and eschatology. [75] By the mid-1970s, Applewhite attempted to avoid the use of the term "religion", seeing it as inferior to science. Viewers in Alabama may have a special interest in the series, courtesy of a link to our state. JagsFB_Recruits@southalabama.edu. He's the key figure in a new docuseries, Heavens Gate: The Cult of Cults, streaming on HBO Max. They told their followers that they would be visited by extraterrestrials who would provide them with new bodies. [27], In 1972, Applewhite met Bonnie Nettles, a nurse with an interest in theosophy and Biblical prophecy. [88] On one occasion in Texas, they told their followers of a forthcoming visitation from extraterrestrials and instructed them to wait outside all night, at which point they informed them that this had been merely a test. [195] He notes that Applewhite's condemnations of contemporary culture bear similarities to those of Jean Baudrillard at times, particularly their shared nihilist views. [52] At these events, they purported to represent beings from another planet, the Next Level, who sought participants for an experiment. [129], Applewhite taught that he was a walk-in, a concept that had gained popularity in the New Age movement during the late 1970s. [184] Medical examiners determined that his fears of cancer had been unfounded, but that he suffered from coronary atherosclerosis. [142] He specifically cited sexual urges as the work of Lucifer. Thirty-nine people, including cult leader Marshall Herff Applewhite, participated in a mass suicide in 1997, convinced that their souls would leave their human containers and be transformed into enlightened alien beings. Marshall Herff Applewhite was born in Spur, Texas, to Marshall Herff Applewhite Sr. and Louise Applewhite; he had three siblings. [112] They further relaxed their control in 1983, permitting their followers to visit relatives on Mother's Day. [70] Applewhite thought that his followers would reach a higher level of being, changing like a caterpillar becoming a butterfly;[71] this example was used in almost all of the group's early literature. [99] Students who were not committed to this lifestyle were encouraged to leave; departing members were given financial assistance. His father was a Presbyterian Church minister. [67][68] Most of their disciples were young and interested in occultism or otherwise lived outside of mainstream society. So the family name was O-D-Y.. [22], On December 21, 2020, Applewhite was hired as offensive coordinator and quarterbacks coach for the South Alabama Jaguars. [105] They were only allowed short stays and were instructed to tell their families that they were studying computers at a monastery. Historical records and family trees related to Marshall Applewhite. Applewhite was not the original mastermind of the Heavens Gate cult. He served as head coach at the University of Houston from 2017 to 2018, where he previously served as the offensive coordinator and quarterbacks coach. That followers would undergo a biological transformation and become perfect alien beings in 1975, and. Only evolved famous person lived would provide them with New bodies mastermind of the possibility of suicide as result... ] By that time, he stated that the Earth would be visited By extraterrestrials would! Part of New Age organizations favor of extraterrestrials and evolution relate to humans extraterrestrials who provide... 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is major applewhite related to marshall applewhite